1 However, for model development, time‐dependent data of pharmacological relevant processes are a crucial requirement. However, because the greatest pitfall comes from pre‐existing errors, we recommend always making published data available as raw values.ĭuring the past few years, quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and especially physiologically‐based pharmacokinetics modeling (PBPK) have proven to be an important cornerstone of model‐informed drug discovery and development. Our findings suggest that data digitizing is precise and important. Analysis of 181 literature peak plasma concentration values revealed a considerable discrepancy between reported and post hoc digitized data with 85% having ζ > 5%. Although significant, no relevant confounders were found (mean ζ ± SD circles = 0.69% ± 0.68% vs. Accuracy, precision, confounder influence, and variability were investigated using scaled median symmetric accuracy (ζ), thus finding excellent accuracy (mean ζ = 0.99%). To quantify their relevance, a literature search revealed a remarkable mean increase of 16% per year in publications citing digitizing software together with QSP or PBPK. Lview can do the job.In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, data digitizing is a valuable tool to extract numerical information from published data presented as graphs.Go to an Info-Mac mirror for good quality image converting software.Has other functions for integration, etc.Tracking the blue curve in the example file). "Options Colour Limit" so it can track the desired colouredĬurve - or define the upper/lower colour limits (seems quite If it is a colour or grey plot, you may have to much around with the.If you have a curve - goto the left most part of the curve.Then, if you have scatter data - "left" mouse button - double click on the points.Open up the BMP file, click on the define 3 points ICON, then define the three points of your plot.Upgrading to a more recent driver, or changing to a generic driver fixed "Most of the reported problems were due to buggy screen drivers."It has been reported to work also on NTx, Mac's (with a Windows emulator),Īnd under Linux (with a recent flavour of Wine)".Read image directly from a TWAIN/Scanner source.WinDIG for Windows - Freeware - E-mail: Convert a hardcopy graph into data."Digitize old graphs for comparison with new data."."Automatically digitize strip chart and (x,y) recorder output.".Un-Scan-It for Windows 3.1 and Win95 and Macintosh.Has "automatic line-follower", etc, etc.Also the author of Macdiff (user-friendly Powder X-ray powder diffractogram tool for Macintosh computers).Can handle a distorted page, ternary plots, polar plots."OPR offers automatic acquisition of several thousand points from a line (solid or dashed) or scatter graph."."OPR can process various "problematic cases" such as crossed lines, tilted plots, heavy gridlines etc."."use macro 'Convert Line Plot to Points ' "."Digitize v1.38 x,y plot digitizer (scanned plot to x,y points)".WinTab-compliant digitizer to real-world units based "The Point Digitizer converts coordinates from any.Old Graphs and Drawings, Instrumental Output, Scatter Plots, Any hardcopy graph." "DigiGraph can be used to digitize: Strip Chart Output, Recorder Output, Published Graphs,.To convert a solid curve back to data, enable the Options, Auto-tracing.ĭefine the first part of the curve/line, and the end part of the curve/lineĪnd Datathief will do the rest.Increased this to around 30 to 60 MegaByte. If getting a "not enough memory error" or "can draw world error", exitĭataThief, highlight the datathief ICON do "File, Get Info" and increase.Convert a hardcopy graph or plot (data points of a curve) into data."The tracing of the plot line is fully automated."."DIGITIZE software was primarily developed to convert Integratedįast Reactor (IFR) fuel element profilometry traces on paper into digital form.".Computer Program to Digitize X-Y Plots for UNIX.Extensive preview capability while modifying settings. ![]()
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XMedia Recode is a all-in-one video and audio conversion tool supporting most video formats (DVD, AVI, MP4, MKV, WMV. ![]() Using Guest Additions, the guest OS’s resolution will dynamically resize as you adjust the VirtualBox window on your computer.įinally, Guest Additions can take advantage of your computer’s graphics card. While the virtual graphics card which Oracle VirtualBox provides all the basic features, the custom video drivers that are installed with the Guest Additions provide you with extra high and non-standard video modes, as well as accelerated video performance. The next time you start the virtual machine, the folder should appear as a network drive. In the VM settings add the host system folder you want to share and choose the name that you want to appear at your VM. In this tutorial, I will make a permanent shared folder. These can be created using a checkbox in the VirtualBox Manager. Transient shares, that are disappear when the Virtual Machine is powered off.Permanent shares, that are saved with the Virtual Machine settings.Enable clipboard sharing between guest and host systems Shared folders I find the Bidirectional option the most convenient. To enable this feature, choose Settings on the VirtualBox home page and follow the instructions as below. The shared clipboard/drag and drop support will allow you to copy items on one platform and paste them on the other. Install VirtualBox Guest Additions Shared clipboardĪt some point you’ll need to move some content between your virtual machine and the host operating system. You will be prompted to download the guest additions image, when prompt click on Download. Simply click on the devices tab and then click on “Insert Guest Additions CD image” The Guest Additions ISO file is mounted as a virtual CD-ROM in order to be installed. They contain device drivers and system applications that optimize the guest operating system for better performance and usability. ![]() Guest Additions are designed to be installed inside a virtual machine post installation of the guest operating system. Use VirtualBox guest additions for additional features like clipboard sharing, folder sharing and more The next time you start the virtual machine with Fedora, you will be prompted to create a user account and set your password for Fedora Linux. Ubuntu users can refer to this detailed tutorial on installing VirtualBox. You can find instructions for Windows, Mac OS and Linux. If you haven’t already installed VirtualBox on your system, you can download it from the official website. Let’s see the steps for installing Fedora Linux in Oracle VirtualBox. ![]() Sounds handy? Let me show you how to do it. You can even copy your virtual setup and re-install it on some other system. This way, you can perform more thorough testing without messing up your current operating system. This way, you use Fedora like an application on your current operating system. An easier way that won’t affect your current operating system is to create a live USB of Fedora.Īn alternative way to try Fedora, is to get advantage of virtualization technology through an installation in VirtualBox. You could install Fedora Linux alongside Windows but that’s a bit of an effort. If you are curious about Fedora Linux, there are several ways to try it. If there isn’t a framework for that involvement, the waterfall approach could lead to frustration on both ends.Ĭhanges can be difficult: The whole point of the waterfall methodology is that it follows clear steps and a set timeframe. Some customers will want more involvement as the project proceeds. Less customer involvement: A hands-off approach is not suitable for every type of product. The Waterfall Method for Project Management has the following drawbacks: Once the initial design and project plan is in place, there is little requirement for ongoing customer presence until the review phase. Hands-off approach: This approach allows for a more hands-off approach from the customer. The full scope of the project is agreed upon by the development team and their stakeholders in advance.ĭocumentation: Each phase of the process is documented in detail to eliminate any misunderstandings or shortcuts. The Waterfall Method for Project Management has the following benefits:Ĭlear framework: There is a clear understanding of the project timeline and deliverables before the project begins. Waterfall Methodology: Benefits vs Drawbacks Examples of these documentation are the PID and the Business Case. It makes use of standard documentation of which the format is predefined by the organisation. The Waterfall model has a set team working in a linear fashion towards a clear defined end goal. When first adopted for software development, there were no recognized alternatives for knowledge-based creative work. The Waterfall model originated in the manufacturing and construction industries, where the highly structured physical environments meant that design changes became prohibitively expensive much sooner in the development process. At the start of the project, the output, outcome and benefits are defined. ![]() The Waterfall approach is a breakdown of project activities into linear sequential phases, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks. In this blogpost, we will analyze the differences, benefits and drawbacks of the Agile methodology and the Waterfall Methodology (traditional). What works best for your organisation depends on your situation and strategic objectives. Both have their benefits and drawbacks and there is no ‘bad’ way of Project Management. The Agile framework and the Waterfall Methodology differ in obvious and less obvious ways. A traditional Project Management framework is defined as the ‘Waterfall Methodology’. This is why the Agile methodology was born, which seeks to bring that flexibility into the world of project management by completely detaching itself from traditional frameworks. Project Management needs to be able to adapt to these needs and continue to serve the organisation at all stages of growth. ![]() There is a need for growth, which often goes hand in hand with an increase of clients/customers. This is why organisations are looking for technologies, systems, and processes that help them to customize and optimize project management. ![]() Project management has become one of the most important pillars within any company as it has been recognized as one of the fundamental factors for the success of the organisation. That automatically implies that also our Project Management is under constant change. Our way of working is under constant change.
No longer mentioning a precipitating life stressor and talking about insomnia as “the problem” may mark the transition from short-term to chronic insomnia. 9 Short-term and chronic insomnia may be inferred from a patient’s language. It may end when the stressor resolves or the patient learns to cope, or it may evolve into chronic insomnia. Insomnia is often precipitated by a significant life stressor (eg, acute pain, traumatic event). 8 It is short-term if symptoms occur for less than 3 months and chronic if symptoms occur 3 or more times per week for 3 months or longer. 8ĭiagnostic criteria for insomnia include difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep and results in daytime dysfunction in a patient who has an adequate opportunity to sleep. To the contrary, the maladaptive cognitions and behaviors that perpetuate insomnia must be addressed regardless of coexisting medical or psychiatric disorders. The underlying rationale for removal was that calling insomnia comorbid may misleadingly imply that it is a secondary concern that will resolve with adequate treatment of the comorbid condition. ![]() The previous subclassification of chronic insomnia as primary or comorbid was eliminated because it did not improve diagnostic accuracy or differentiate treatment options. 8 It now subclassifies insomnia as short-term, chronic, or other. In 2014, the third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders ( ICSD-3), the most widely used classification system for sleep disorders, revised how insomnia is defined. Insomnia: Classification, Diagnosis, and Monitoring In a recent study of a managed care population, an 80% increase in healthcare costs after a diagnosis of insomnia was attributed to management of insomnia and coexisting conditions. 4 Further, insomnia is linked to higher healthcare utilization and costs, especially in patients with coexisting medical or psychiatric disorders, 5,6 illustrating why it is an important managed care issue. 3 Between 19, the diagnosis of insomnia during office visits in the United States increased 11-fold, from 800,000 to 9.4 million. 2 Because it is so common, the annual loss of quality-adjusted life-years from insomnia appears to be greater than the loss from other medical and psychiatric conditions, including arthritis, depression, and hypertension. 1 Combined direct and indirect costs for insomnia in the United States exceed $100 billion annually. Insomnia, the most common sleep disorder, is a substantial burden for the US healthcare system and vulnerable patient groups. The underlying concepts and supporting evidence for CBTI and dCBTI are presented, including their utility in vulnerable patient groups. The second part explores the rapidly evolving landscape of nondrug therapy for insomnia. The first part of this article reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of insomnia with a focus on vulnerable patient groups. Now, digital CBTI (dCBTI) is emerging as a scalable option with the potential to overcome these barriers in managed care. Although cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is first-line treatment for insomnia, its high cost and a lack of trained providers has prevented widespread uptake. It has a negative impact on vulnerable patient groups, including active military personnel and veterans, patients with coexisting psychiatric and medical disorders, those in life transitions such as menopause, and elderly persons. ![]() Insomnia, whether short-term or chronic, is a common condition. Hasbro subsidiary Playskool continued manufacturing the doll into the 1990s, while changing up his look a bit to distance the toy’s legacy away from the Child’s Play series. Whether it was the kids themselves, or parents making that association, the My Buddy toy line suffered. He did NOT want that thing in his room anymore and unfortunately, that same scenario rang true for many other kids as well. However, shortly after seeing the movie, we got rid of those fuckin’ nightmare inducing wads of stuffing on the fact it resembled it TOO much and it did give my brother several nightmares. My younger brother had a My Buddy doll prior to the movie coming out, as I did as well with his sister companion. Just like with Freddy, every kid in the late 80s’ early 90s’ knew all about Chucky and we closely associated the plastic terror with the My Buddy doll. Chucky was directly inspired by My Buddy- who in turn, had a hand in the down-fall of the doll. I’m eternally grateful to have such a marvelous, witty, pint-sized horror maniac in the horror movie legends roster. I’m certainly not giving the guy (Mancini) any shit. It truly was the perfect combination for creating a memorable identity for a toy while cleverly referencing the doll’s name throughout the “earworm” so much so, all kids’ would remember the name My Buddy or Kid Sister when asking for an oversized bundle of plastic and stuffing with sewn-on clothing. In which case, was most certainly the biggest selling point of this doll. And neither did his off-shoot Kid Sister either- which I TOTALLY HAD.Īnd intro the theme song that will probably be stuck in your head the rest of the day. ![]() The My Buddy doll was officially stocked on store shelves in 1985 and actually sold fairly well – ranking in eighth place officially as the top-ten selling toys for that year. Up until Hasbro launched a market campaign with a doll, directly marketed to boys as, “ A little boy’s special friend! Rough and tough, yet soft and cuddly.” ![]() The boys had their GI JOES and HE-MAN, and that seemed to be the way it just was. Although considered non-gender specific, the dolls were mostly marketed towards little girls. In the earlier part of the decade, Cabbage Patch Dolls rules the ugly doll market with a mighty fist crushing any and all competitors that stood in their creepy, cabbage-dwelling way. Also, looking at this pair side-by-side, it’s beyond obvious we know where he got his look from. But My Buddy was in itself, was inspired by the Xavier Roberts’ line. Sure, the Cabbage Patch Kids as originally stated, served as some inspiration for good ol’ Chuck. ![]() Without skipping a beat, 80s’ kids know that My Buddy jingle- and we also know without a doubt, THIS, without a doubt, is the true inspiration behind the Child’s Play franchise. |
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